Fatiga y actividad física en mujeres con y sin hormonoterapia tras cáncer de mama. Estudio transversal.
Beatriz Arranz Martín
Resumen
Objetivos: El objetivo principal fue determinar y comparar la presencia de fatiga y el nivel de actividad física en mujeres supervivientes de cáncer de mama con y sin hormonoterapia. El objetivo secundario fue explorar las posibles correlaciones entre la fatiga, la actividad física, el dolor y la funcionalidad, la autoeficacia y la calidad de vida.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal desde el CSEU La Salle. Se incluyeron mujeres tratadas quirúrgicamente por cáncer de mama y que hubieran finalizado radioterapia y/o quimioterapia hace más de 3 meses y menos de 5 años. Se creó y divulgó un cartel informativo con el enlace a un formulario online. Las variables principales fueron severidad de fatiga (QuickPIPER) y nivel de actividad física (IPAQ). Como secundarias, calidad de vida (FBSI), discapacidad y dolor en miembros inferiores (WOMAC) y autoeficacia frente al dolor (PSE-Q).
Resultados: 60 mujeres conformaron la muestra. Aquellas con hormonoterapia presentan más METS semanales (p=,047), pero no diferente severidad de fatiga. Las mujeres con mayor nivel de actividad física muestran menos fatiga, dolor y discapacidad, y más autoeficacia y calidad de vida. El mayor IMC parece relacionarse con más severidad de fatiga (p<,01) y menos METS semanales (p<,01).
Conclusión: Según nuestros resultados, la hormonoterapia no parece asociarse a más fatiga relacionada con cáncer. En mujeres con o sin hormonoterapia tras cáncer de mama la actividad física parece proteger de la fatiga y otras secuelas físico-funcionales, por lo que el ejercicio se plantea como indispensable en su abordaje.
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Referencias
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